1. INTRODUCTION Recently, considerable attention has been given to the development of ways to obtain new fluorine-containing compounds usually with various functional groups. Accessible perfluoroolefins are widely used for or a synthesis of some fluorine derivatives, while for others we use oligomers, whose distinctive ability is brightly expressed in electrophilicity [1]. These properties perfluoroolefins -new make a basis of one of directions of fluoroorganic chemistry including study of reactions them with nucleophilics by reagents, which has appeared olefinic systems as in the theoretical plan, as allows deeply to penetrate into properties perfluoroolefins of system, and in practical aspect doing accessible many fluoroorganic compounds. Due to specific influence of atoms of a fluorine on the not saturated system of reaction with nucleophilics by-reagents not only supplement chemistry of olefins, but also show their unique properties. So, among these compounds the substances with interesting electrophysical and thermophysical properties, with high physiological activity are revealed, which creates the base for a synthesis of medicinal preparations, lubricant materials, liquid dielectrics and heat-carriers, of highly effective surface- active substances and many materials for other spheres of the appendices [2-8]. The regular research of reactions ramified linear and cyclic perfluoroolefins basically mentions three aspects of reactions most typical for a number of internal perfluoroolefins, by virtue of specific influence of atoms of a fluorine on olefins system: 1) reactions with nucleophilics by-reagents, 2) reaction with radicals and oxidizings agent; 3) reaction with electrophilic reagents including processes, proceeding in superstrong acids and in SbF5 environment. Highly fluorinated alkenes are generally very electron-deficient species and therefore susceptible to attack by a wide range of nucleophiles. Reactions between perfluoroolefins and nucleophilic by- reagents are key processes in chemistry of fluoroorganic compounds. Both are being widely studied and are used in synthesis of various derivatives including heterocyclic compounds [9-11]. Of special interest are reactions between internal new perfluoroolefins and nucleophilic by-reagents, as opposed to terminal perfluoroolefins (basically perfluoropropylene, perfluoroisobutylene, tetrafluoroethylene). The influence of perfluoroalkyl groups and fluorine atoms towards the olefin bond creates the preconditions of realization of a number of unusual processes of addition - elimination, being characteristic for the occurring of reactions with nucleophilic reagents, and allowing to obtain the variety of products. The wide range of nucleophilic reagents in reactions with compounds containing an electronic-saturated double bond allow to obtain products of connection on this communication, and to synthesize various heterocyclic compounds with perfluoroalkyl groups. In a number of reviews the authors mention the reactions between perfluoroolefins and nucleophilics by-reagents [12-15]. However, the basic reaction with C -nucleophiles and with binucleophilic reagents results in a synthesis of heterocyclic compounds, whose aspects are not examined in the present review. At the same time, one of most important problem is the problem both the development of approaches to synthesis of partially fluorinated compounds on basis of internal perfluoroolefins and of the opportunity to form on their basis the active intermediate particles (anions, radicals, carbocations) and to involve them in the reaction with organic substrates [12,16]. By virtue of it the basic attention in the review is given to the analysis of the saved experimental material on: 1) reactions of internal perfluoroolefins with nucleophilic by-reagents, 2) research of obtaining generation anion and radical particles containing perfluorinatered fragment, which can be used in quality sinthons, 3) revealing olefinic features of the system having perfluoroalkyl groups as substituents. The present review is particularly focused on the above-mentioned chemical transformations and reactions with various reagents. Taking into account, that alcohols and the amines can make a basis for obtaining a number of completely fluorinated organic compounds for different practical purpose, we have considered it worthwhile to analyze the data on their reactions with the purpose of formulating the basic laws of chemical processes and in order to emphasize the particular problems of interest for the modern internal perfluoroolefins chemistry and the known ways of their solution |